Instructions for using chemicals in disease prevention

1. For general disease prevention and hygiene at home, office, school, factory, workshop...

– Regularly clean your home, office, school, factory, etc. by wiping floors, doorknobs, and surfaces of household objects with soap, regular detergents, or other disinfectants according to the instructions of the health sector.

2. Regarding the use of chlorine-containing disinfectants in epidemic prevention - Only use for disinfection in hospitals and epidemic areas. (according to Decision 34//QD-BYT dated February 7, 2020 on promulgating "Temporary guidelines for monitoring and prevention of acute respiratory infections caused by the new strain of coronavirus (nCoV)).

2.1. Introduction

Chlorine (Cl) is one of the halogens widely used for disinfection due to its high disinfectant activity through oxidation-reduction reaction. When dissolved in water, these chemicals will release a quantity of active chlorine with disinfectant effect. Commonly used chlorine-containing chemicals include:

• – Chloramine B contains 25%-30% active chlorine
• – Chloramine T
• – Calcium hypochloride (Lime chloride)
• – Sodium dichloroissocianurate powder
•  Javen Water (Sodium hypochloride or Potassium hypochloride).

SEE MORE: 

• Price of javen water for disinfection
• Things to avoid when using chemicals

2.2. Use of chlorine-containing chemicals in disease prevention:

• – In epidemic prevention work, solutions mixed from chemicals containing chlorine with concentrations of 0,5% and 1,25% active chlorine are often used depending on the purpose and method of disinfection. The calculation of solution concentration must include active chlorine.
• – Because different chemicals have different active chlorine contents, it is necessary to calculate the amount of chemical needed to achieve the solution with the active chlorine concentration desired.
• – The amount of chlorine-containing chemicals needed to mix the required number of liters of solution with the required active chlorine concentration is calculated according to the following formula:

* The active chlorine content of the chemical used is always stated by the manufacturer on the label, packaging or product instruction sheet.

* For example:

• – To mix 10 liters of solution with 0,5% active chlorine concentration from chloramine B powder 25% active chlorine, you need: (0,5 x 10/25) x 1000 = 200 grams.
• – To mix 10 liters of solution with 0,5% active chlorine concentration from 70% active chlorine calcium hypochloride powder, you need: (0,5 x 10/70 ) x 1000 = 72 grams.
• – To mix 10 liters of solution with 0,5% active chlorine concentration from 60% active chlorine sodium dichloroisocianurate powder, you need: (0,5 x 10/60) x 1000 = 84 grams.

Table 1: Amount of chlorine-containing chemicals to mix 10 liters of solution with active chlorine concentrations commonly used in epidemic prevention work.

2.3. How to mix:

• – Completely dissolve the required amount of chemicals in 10 liters of clean water.
• – Chlorine-based disinfectants lose their effectiveness over time, so only mix the amount needed and use it as soon as possible after mixing. It is best to mix and use it on the same day, not to mix it in advance for storage. Mixed chlorine-based disinfectants should be stored in a cool, dry place, tightly covered, away from light.

2.4. Disinfection in hospitals and epidemic areas:

This is a guide to the use of chlorine-containing compounds in general outbreak disinfection. The choice of which form of disinfection from the following guides must depend on the type of epidemic and in accordance with the Ministry of Health's guidance on handling outbreaks of each type of epidemic.

• – Hand disinfection in the patient isolation treatment area: At the entrance and exit points of the isolation area and the entrance to each patient room, if there are no quick-acting disinfectant solutions (alcohol, hand sanitizer bottles) or water and soap for hand washing, there must be a basin containing a chlorine-based chemical disinfectant solution with a concentration of 0,5% active chlorine for hand washing (soak hands for 1 minute, then rinse with clean water).
• – Disinfect surfaces and objects: Use a 0,5% active chlorine solution to clean floors, object surfaces, objects, etc.
• – Doormats and shoes: Soak doormats and shoes with a 0,5% active chlorine solution, place in a metal tray in front of the entrance to the isolation area and instruct all medical staff, patient relatives, patients, and visitors to wipe their feet and shoes by stepping on the mat soaked in this solution each time they enter or exit the isolation area to minimize the spread of pathogens to the outside. Add a 0,5% chlorine disinfectant solution to the doormats and shoes every 4 hours.
• – Disinfecting potties and basins contaminated with dangerous infectious diseases: Soak potties and basins in a 0,5% active chlorine solution for at least 30 minutes before washing with clean water.
• – Disinfecting instruments of patients with dangerous infectious diseases: Soak instruments and used clothes of patients with dangerous infectious diseases in a 0,5% active chlorine solution for 1-2 hours before washing with clean water.
• – Disinfecting sickrooms for treating patients with dangerous infectious diseases: Use a 0,5% active chlorine solution to wipe the floor of the sickroom, the surface of objects and items in the sickroom.
• – Patient treatment room after all patients are discharged from the hospital (final disinfection): Must thoroughly clean and disinfect the floor and walls of the house where patients are treated by spraying a 0,5% active chlorine solution (spray dose 0,3 - 0,5 liters/m²), then used again to receive and treat other patients.
• – Treating polluted environments in patient homes, toilets, sewers, barns, roads, walkways, etc. in the epidemic area: Spray a 0,5% active chlorine solution in these places at a dose of 0,3 – 0,5 liters/m².
• – Treatment of patient feces and waste: Feces and waste of patients carrying pathogens are disinfected with a solution of 1,25 – 2,5% active chlorine at a ratio of 1:1 (for example, 1 liter of feces needs to be treated with 1 liter of 1,25% active chlorine solution) for at least 30 minutes, then poured into a sanitary toilet or buried deep in the ground away from water sources and houses.
• – Disinfecting vehicles transporting patients with dangerous infectious diseases: Use a 0,5% active chlorine solution to disinfect the vehicle at a dose of 0,3 – 0,5 liters/m², leave for 1 hour then rinse thoroughly with clean water.

Note:

– Compounds containing chlorine only have a disinfecting effect when dissolved in water into a solution (at this time, chemicals containing chlorine release active chlorine with disinfecting effect), so absolutely do not use compounds containing chlorine in pure powder form for disinfection treatment.

– Chlorine-containing solutions will lose their effectiveness over time, so only mix the amount needed and use it as soon as possible after mixing. It is best to mix and use it on the same day, not to mix it in advance for storage. If not used up within the day, cover it tightly, protect it from light and plan to use it as soon as possible.

According to Ninh Thuan Center for Disease Control

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FEATURED PRODUCTS

Loc Thien provides a variety of industrial chemicals with different concentrations, optimally meeting industrial production and processing needs:

• NaOH: Caustic soda flakes 99%, Sodium hydroxide 20%, 32%, 45%, 50%.
• H₂O₂ (Hydrogen Peroxide): 27.5%, 35%, 50%.
• Javen (NaOCl): 10%, 12%.
• PAC (Poly Aluminum Chloride): 10%.
• HCl (Hydrochloric Acid): 32%, 35%.