PAC (Poly Aluminum Chloride) chemicals: PAC 31% & Liquid PAC 10–17%

This is the main group of coagulants in water treatment, industrial wastewater and aquaculture. Thanks to the ability to remove suspended particles, bacteria and heavy metals, water is quickly clear, sludge is less generated and operating costs are optimized.

What is PAC chemical? Formula & properties

Poly Aluminum Chloride is an aluminum polymer compound with the general formula
[Al₂(OH)nCl₆₋n]m (1 ≤ n ≤ 5, m ≥ 10). The product is popular in two forms: lemon yellow powder (good storage, easy to dissolve) and brownish yellow solution (automatic dosing system).

Coagulation mechanism

1. Release of aluminum ions to form positive colloidal particles.
2. Adsorbs suspended particles, microorganisms, and organic matter to create large flocs.
3. Scum settles quickly and is easy to remove by settling/filtration.

Advantages over aluminum sulfate alum

High efficiency

• Creates large, firm flocs; settles quickly; stable water quality after treatment.
• Suitable for high turbidity sources (up to ~1.200 NTU).

Low pH impact – saves on ancillary costs

• Works well at pH 6.5–8.5, limiting pH fluctuations.
• Reduces the need for alkalinity correction chemicals; limits pipeline corrosion.

Little sludge, easy to manage

• Sludge generation is 30–40% lower than with conventional coagulants.
• Sludge is stable, easy to collect, saving sludge storage space.

Application: water supply, wastewater, aquaculture

Water supply

• Fast clarifier, removes suspended particles and microorganisms.
• Highly effective during the rainy season when turbidity increases.

Industrial wastewater

• Suitable for dyeing, paper, seafood processing: reduce COD, BOD, TSS.
• Low dosage but good coagulation performance.

Aquaculture

• Improve pond water quality, limit pathogens, increase productivity.
• For use in both fresh and saltwater ponds; monitor pH-alkalinity when applying.

Dosage & mixing

• Bartending: Mix 5–10% solution in clean water before filling.
• Reference dose: Water supply 1–10 g/m³; wastewater 15–30 g/m³ (depending on turbidity/pollution).
• Recommendations: Always Jartest to determine optimal dose according to water source.

Product lines on the market

Powder form (31% Al₂O₃)

• Viet Tri: Stable quality, used for water supply and wastewater.
• China: Competitive price, suitable for large projects.
• India: High purity, meeting strict requirements.

Liquid

• 10%: Suitable for domestic water supply, urban and residential areas.
• 17%: Effective with industrial wastewater, high turbidity sources.

How to choose according to needs & costs

• Domestic water supply: Prioritized 31% powder (India/Viet Tri).
• Industrial wastewater: 17% solution or 31% powder to reduce COD/BOD/TSS.
• Aquaculture: 10% solution or 31% powder to improve pond water quality.